Cooling Water Treatment

Chemco proposes a comprehensive cooling water treatment program in Pakistan, covering specific problems that are expected of cooling water systems. Chemco’s cooling water treatment solutions are designed using the best cooling water treatment chemicals and practices available. Our cooling water treatment solutions are durable and performance forward helping industries in Pakistan.

Corrosion in the Cooling Water System

Corrosion is a natural phenomenon where metals return to their natural oxide state. Carbon steel is among the easiest metal to corrode but due to the economic it is also the most common metal used in the industry. Corrosion in the cooling water system can be of many categories. It can be of general flash corrosion due to the natural presence of anode and cathode, under deposit corrosion underneath deposition, crevice corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and microbiologically induced corrosion.

The method chosen for corrosion control is mainly based on the make-up water chemistry. If the make-up water is considered soft or low in calcium, the corrosion inhibitors selected will generally be of inorganic types. It either can be a low concentration of zinc or molybdate, which is not classified as heavy metal combined with organic and inorganic phosphate. In the absence of calcium, these inhibitors are readily capable of providing sufficient protection.

In the presence of high hardness water, corrosion inhibition selection will generally favor the full application of inorganic and organic phosphate or organic phosphate alone. In the presence of calcium corrosion inhibition means will be provided with a minimal potential of scales formation.

Scales and Deposit

Scales generally will for a hard deposit that can inhibit proper heat transfer while deposition of suspended matters from soft to hard sludge that restrict water flow as well as initiate sites for corrosion. In the industry, most of the severe corrosion cases are under deposit corrosion. The inhibition of scale formations involved the chemistry of phosphonate and acrylate/acrylamide compounds. Organophosphorous provides inhibition for calcium carbonate scales formation while acrylate and acrylamide compounds provide protection against other scales as well as deposition of suspended matters.

Certain minerals form scales when their solubility in water is exceeded. Calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, and excess corrosion inhibition layer are common scales in the cooling water system besides iron and siliceous matters. Deposits are the precipitation of the mineral scales and sedimentation of suspended matters that can be of corrosion products, silt, debris, organic matters, and ash.

Chemco uses cooling water treatment chemicals like patented amide molecules for deposit control applications. The hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties of this molecule have enabled excellent penetration and dispersion of, especially organic deposit and slime masses.

How Microorganisms affect the cooling water system

Microorganisms such as algae, fungi, and bacteria are common to the cooling water system causing problems from as simple as plugging the distribution holes to microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC). Problem with algae and fungi is limited to cooling tower structure but bacteria with species such as pseudomonas, galleonella, desulfurvibrio, and Nitrobacter among others are known to create problem either by forming slime masses or causing pitting corrosion.
To control the activities of these microorganisms, besides introducing oxidizers such as sodium hypochlorite, a broad spectrum of non-oxidizing biocide is also recommended.